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Greenhouse Gas Emissions

In 2026, the Company revises its targets in alignment with Thailand’s commitments announced at COP30 on 19 November 2025, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 47.00% by 2035 (using 2025 as the base year) and to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.

Based on the Company’s greenhouse gas emissions assessment, Scope 2 emissions, mainly from electricity consumption, represent the largest share. The Company has therefore established strategies to achieve its emission reduction targets under the Reduce – Offset – Replace framework as follows:

Reduce (Energy Reduction) Offset (Carbon Compensation) Replace (Substitution)
  1. Apply innovation and technology to reduce energy consumption in raw water pumping and distribution processes.
  2. Utilize technology to reduce travel, such as online meetings and low-carbon activities.
  1. Community forest planting in upstream forest areas.
  2. Support carbon reduction projects.
  1. Use of clean energy.
  2. Use of environmentally friendly materials.
  3. Adoption of electric vehicles.

In 2025, the Company installed and utilized solar energy systems at the Head Office building, pumping stations, and industrial water production systems, totaling 196,865.61 kWh. This resulted in a reduction of 93.51 ton-Co2eq.

The Company’s greenhouse gas emissions (Disclosure 305-1,305-2,305-3)
Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Direct greenhouse gas emissions – Scope 1
(ton-CO2eq)		 418.22 296.46 648.51 431.36 637.52
Indirect greenhouse gas emissions – Scope 2
(ton-CO2eq)		 80,452.38 61,899.27 71,263.30 62,457.65 59,177.73
Indirect greenhouse gas emissions – Scope 3
(ton-CO2eq)		 *Data not collected 14,096.02 12,356.98 10,178.56
Others: Diesel fuel (EF bio fuel) (ton-CO2eq) *Data not collected 8.95
Total Scope 1 and 2 (ton-CO2eq) *Data not collected 71,911.81 62,889.01 59,815.25
Total Scope 1, 2 and 3 (ton-CO2eq) *Data not collected 86,007.83 75,245.99 69,993.81
Remark: * In 2021–2022, the Company had not yet assessed significant indirect greenhouse gas emissions under Scope 3.

In 2025, the Company assessed the materiality of indirect greenhouse gas emissions under Scope 3 and identified significant categories, namely Fuel- and Energy-related Activities (including the acquisition of fuels for electricity generation, diesel fuel, and gasoline). In addition, the category Purchased Goods and Services (including office paper consumption and tap water consumption) scored below the materiality threshold, indicating that greenhouse gas emissions from these activities are relatively insignificant. Nevertheless, the Company remains committed to reducing paper and water consumption as part of its efforts toward achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions.

Diagram: Comparison of the Company’s greenhouse gas emissions (2023–2025)
The calculation was based on the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO)’s Emission Factor (www.tgo.or.th)
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity of the Company (Scopes 1, 2, and 3) from raw water pumping and distribution (Disclosure 305-4)
Remark: In 2025, the total volume of water pumped through the system was 231,892,033.29 m³, and the volume of water sold was 198,086,642 m³.
Diagram: Comparison of Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions of UU PCL (2023–2025) (ton-CO₂eq)
The calculation was based on the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO)’s Emission Factor (www.tgo.or.th)